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Easy Spanish Lesson 7: Spelled DifferentlyEasy Spanish Lesson 7 Spelled DifferentlySPANISH WORDS SPELLED SOMEWHAT DIFFERENTLY THAN ENGLISH There are often differences in spelling between Spanish words and their English relatives. Spanish Spelled Somewhat Like English are words similar to English, but spelled somewhat differently than English -- although easily recognizable as related to English. After Spanish Spelled Exactly Like English, the next easiest for English speakers are these Spanish Words Spelled Somewhat Like English. Because these Spanish words are spelled somewhat differently than English, they are easier to recognize as foreign words than the ones spelled exactly like English. ====== PATTERNS OF SPELLING DIFFERENCES Some of the differences in spelling between Spanish and English cognates fall into the patterns shown below. This is a selection of just some of the many Spanish words spelled somewhat like English. Spanish words spelled somewhat like English may have some of the same meanings in both languages, or may have some slightly different but related meanings. This lesson will show you Spanish words increasingly different from their English relatives, although clearly recognizable as related to the words you already know. ----------- Spanish Spelling Patterns DIFFERENT SPELLING PATTERNS THAN ENGLISH Spanish Spelled Like English, But With A Vowel Added At The End: ----------- Spanish Cognates With an ADDED FINAL -E Final –E is Pronounced –EH in Spanish. [In English final –E is almost never pronounced, except in finale.] ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] art -- arte -- [AHR-teh] bat (sport) -- bate -- [BAH-teh] restaurant -- restaurante -- [rrehs-tow-RAHN-teh] permanent (hair) -- permanente -- [pehr-mah-NEHN-teh] ----------- Spanish Spelled Like English, But With an –A Added At The End: ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] tart (dessert) -- tarta -- [TAHR-tah] pint -- pinta -- [PEEN-tah] person -- persona -- [pehr-SOH-nah] artist -- artista -- [ahr-TEES-tah] dentist -- dentista -- [dehn-TEES-tah] problem -- problema -- [proh-BLEH-mah] music -- música -- [MOO-see-kah] alarm -- alarma -- [ah-LAHR-mah] ----------- Spanish Spelled Like English, But With an –O Added At The End: ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] May [month] -- mayo -- [MAH-yoh] much -- mucho -- [MOO-choh] credit -- crédito -- [KREH-dee-toh] barber -- barbero -- [bahr-BEH-roh] defect (n) -- defecto -- [deh-FEHK-toh] deposit -- depósito -- [deh-POH-see-toh] fantastic -- fantástico -- [fahn-TAHS-tee-koh] terrific -- terrífico -- [teh-RREE-fee-koh] antiseptic -- antiséptico -- [ahn-tee-SEHP-tee-koh] automatic -- automático -- [ow-toh-MAH-tee-koh] ----------- Spanish With an –O Added at the End for a Male, or and –A for a female: ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] American (m) -- americano -- [ah-meh-ree-KAH-noh] American (f) -- americanoa -- [ah-meh-ree-KAH-nah] vegetarian (f) -- vegetariana -- [beh-heh-tah-ree-AH-nah] vegetarian (m) -- vegetariano -- [beh-heh-tah-ree-AH-noh] volume (tv) -- volumen -- [boh-LOO-mehn] ----------- Spanish Spelled Like English, But Shortened One Letter Shorter ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] at -- a -- [ah] or -- o -- [oh] tea -- té -- [teh] salt -- sal -- [sahl] lilac -- lila -- [LEE-lah] fragile -- frágil -- [FRAH-heel] valley -- valle -- [BAH-yeh] balcony -- balcón -- [bahl-KOHN] volcano -- volcán -- [bohl-KAHN] series -- serie -- [SEH-ree-eh] imbecile -- imbécil -- [eem-BEH-seel] interest (bank) -- interés -- [een-teh-REHS] interpreter -- intérprete -- [een-TEHR-preh-teh] ----------- Two Letters Shorter ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] cinema -- cine -- [SEE-neh] coconut -- coco -- [KOH-koh] climate -- clima -- [KLEE-mah] ----------- -OUS ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] serious -- serio -- [SEH-ree-oh] obvious -- obvio -- [OHB-bee-oh] ridiculous -- ridículo -- [rree-DEE-koo-loh] continuous -- continuo -- [kohn-TEE-woh] Note: other English words that end in -ous are similar to Spanish words that end –oso, like delicioso, famoso, curioso, generoso, glorioso, ambicioso, melodioso, religioso, pomposo. ----------- Four Letters Shorter reservation -- reserva -- [rreh-SEHR-bah] ----------- English sound “f” spelled –ph- is spelled –f- in Spanish, more logically ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] photos -- fotos -- [FOH-tohs] phenomenal -- fenomenal -- [feh-noh-meh-NAHL] ----------- English –tion is –cion in Spanish ENGLISH -- SPANISH -- [SAY] lotion -- loción -- [lohs-YOHN] identification -- identificación -- [ee-dehn-tee-fee-kahs-YOHN] reception -- recepción -- [reh-sehps-YOHN] ------- receptionist -- recepcionista -- [reh-sehp-see-oh-NEES-tah] information -- informaciónes -- [een-fohr-mahs-YOH-nehs] sensational -- sensacional -- [sehn-sah-see-oh-NAHL] ====== Most Spanish words related to English are spelled differently than English, but are still easy to recognize as related to English. [Fewer Spanish words are spelled exactly like English.] But you will be able to readily recognize and read Spanish words related to English even though they are spelled differently than in English. This lesson includes only common examples of Spanish spelled somewhat differently than English. Many more exist because words spelled differently are the largest group of Spanish-English cognates. This lesson focuses on common patterns of Spanish Spelled somewhat differently than English. Many more Spanish spelling variations exist that may be somewhat more difficult to recognize as related to English. ----------- Jumbled English The following example of Jumbled English shows that you will be able to readily recognize and read Spanish words related to English even though they are spelled quite a bit differently than in English. This can be demonstrated by the following fascinating sentences written in Jumbled English, that you will be able to read: “It deosn’t mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer are in the rghit pcale. The rset can be a toatl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit pobelrm. Tihs is buseace the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.”At first it would seem that a single word jumbled like this would be easier to decipher. But it helps that these jumbled words are in phrases and sentences that are meaningful. Surrounding words make it quicker to understand any single word. For example: It deosn’t mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod you can sitll raed it wouthit pobelrm “…our brains can recognize a word and its meaning even if the letters within the word are jumbled. Like a detective, our brains take many aspects of the word into account and formulate an educated guess as to what the word may be. In thsee cseas, it is anzaimg how sarmt our bainrs rlaely are…” This is one reason that a thousand foreign words similar to English are easier to remember than ten foreign words unrelated to English. ------------ So the point to gain from this jumbled English is that you will be able to readily recognize and read Spanish words related to English even though they are spelled differently than in English. You already are familiar with spelling variations in English -- Noun Plural Variations add S or ES: cat, cats -- Noun Possessive Variations add ‘S or S’: cat’s, cats’ -- Verb Variations: go, goes, going, gone. So think of different foreign spelling of English words as just some more spelling variations that you will begin to remember. ======= SPANISH SPELLED SOMEWHAT LIKE ENGLISH IN VARIOUS WAYS: The following list is in alphabetical order. The Spanish version is placed first to encourage you to look for and recognize Spanish words similar to ones in English -- and deduce what the Spanish words mean by yourself without being given the English version first. SPANISH -- ENGLISH -- SAY a -- at -- [ah] abril -- April -- [ah-BREEL] acampar -- camp (v) -- [ah-kahm-PAHR] acupuntura -- acupuncture -- [ah-koo-poon-TOO-rah] adaptador -- adapter -- [ah-dahp-tah-DOHR] aeropuerto -- airport -- [ah-eh-roh-PWEHR-toh] agosto -- August -- [ah-GOHS-toh] alarma -- alarm -- [ah-LAHR-mah] altitud -- altitude -- [‘altitude’] aluminio -- aluminum -- [ah-loo-MEE-nee-yoh] americano -- American -- [ah-meh-ree-KAH-noh] anis -- anise -- [‘anise’] antiséptico -- antiseptic -- [ahn-tee-SEHP-tee-koh] arte -- art -- [AHR-teh] artículos -- articles -- [ahr-TEE-koo-lohs] artista -- artist -- [ahr-TEES-tah] asma -- asthma -- [‘asthma’] auténtico -- authentic -- [aw-oo-TEHN-tee-koh] autobús -- bus -- [aw-toh-BOOS] automático -- automatic -- [ow-toh-MAH-tee-koh] balcón -- balcony -- [bahl-KOHN] bambú -- bamboo -- [‘bamboo’] banco -- bank -- [BAHN-koh] barbero -- barber -- [BAHR-beh-roh] bebé -- baby -- [‘baby’] bicicleta -- bicycle -- [bee-see-KLEH-tah] bluyines -- blue jeans -- [bloo-yee-nehs] brócoli -- broccoli -- [‘broccoli’] calorías -- calories -- [kah-loh-REE-ahs] cámara -- camera -- [KAH-mah-rah] carritos -- carts (for shopping) -- [kah-RREE-tohs] cascada -- cascade (waterfall) -- [kahs-KAH-dah] castillo -- castle -- [kahs-TEE-yoh] catedral -- cathedral -- [kah-teh-DRAHL] centro -- center -- [SEHN-troh] certificado -- certificate -- [sehr-tee-fee-KAH-doh] champú -- shampoo -- [‘shampoo’] cheques -- checks -- [CHEH-kdeh] Chao -- Ciao (hello / bye) -- [CHAH-oh] cigarillo -- cigarette -- [see-gah-REE-yoh] cine -- cinema -- [SEE-neh] clases -- classes -- [‘classes’] clima -- climate -- [KLEE-mah] coco -- coconut -- [KOH-koh] comercial -- commercial -- [koh-mehr-see-YAHL] computadora -- computer -- [kohm-poo-tah-DOH-rah] coñac -- cognac -- [‘cognac’] concierto -- concert -- [kohn-see-YEHR-toh] continuo -- continuous -- [kohn-TEE-noo-oh] crédito -- credit -- [kreh-dee-toh] declarar -- declare -- [deh-klah-RAHR] defecto -- defect -- [deh-FEHK-toh] dentista -- dentist -- [dehn-TEE-stah] descuento -- discount -- [dehs-KWEHN-toh] desierto -- desert -- [deh-see-YEHR-toh] detergente -- detergent -- [deh-tehr-KHEHN-teh] día -- day -- [DEE-ah] diciembre -- December -- [dee-see-YEHM-breh] difícil -- difficult -- [dee-FEE-seel] distancia -- distance -- [dees-TAHN-see-yah] entrada -- entrance -- [ehn-TRAH-dah] eréctil -- erectile -- [‘erectile’] español -- Spanish -- [ehs-pahn-YOHL] estación -- station -- [ehs-tah-see-YOHN] estudiantes -- students -- [ehs-too-dee-YAHN-tehs] fantástico -- fantastic -- [fahn-TAHS-tee-koh] farmacia -- pharmacy -- [fahr-MAH-see-yah] febrero -- February -- [feh-BREH-roh] foto(s) -- photo(s) -- [‘photo(s)’] frágil -- fragile -- [FRAH-heel] fresco -- fresh -- [FREHS-koh] fuente -- fountain -- [FWEHN-teh] garaje -- garage -- [gah-RAH-kheh] gimnasio -- gym(nasium) -- [kheem-NAH-see-yoh] hola -- hello -- [OH-lah] hora -- hour -- [OH-rah] identificación -- identification -- [ee-dehn-tee-fee-kahs-YOHN] impresionante -- impressive -- [eem-preh-see-yoh-NAHN-teh] increíble -- incredible -- [een-kreh-EE-bleh] información -- information -- [een-fohr-mah-see-YOHN] inglés -- English -- [een-GLEHS] interés -- interest -- [een-teh-REHS] interesante -- interesting -- [een-teh-reh-SAHN-teh] internacional -- international -- [een-tehr-nah-see-yoh-NAHL] intérprete -- interpreter -- [een-TEHR-preh-teh] yins -- jeans -- [yeens] jardín -- garden -- [khahr-DEEN] julio -- July -- [KHOO-lee-yoh] junio -- June -- [KHOO-nee-yoh] lago -- lake -- [LAH-goh] línea -- line -- [LEE-neh-ah] loción -- lotion -- [lohs-YOHN] magnífico -- magnificant -- [mahg-NEE-fee-koh] manicura -- manicure -- [mah-nee-KOO-rah] mapa -- map -- [MAH-pah] marzo -- March (month) -- [MAHR-soh] mayo -- May (month) -- [MAH-yoh] mercado -- market -- [mehr-KAH-doh] mi -- me -- [‘me’] mi -- my -- [‘me’] momento -- moment -- [oon moh-MEHN-toh] montaña -- mountain -- [mohn-TAH-nyuh] mucho -- much -- [MOO-choh] museo -- museum -- [moo-SEH-oh] música -- music -- [MOO-see-kah] noviembre -- November -- [noh-bee-YEHM-breh] número -- number -- [NOO-meh-roh] o -- oh -- [‘oh’] o -- or -- [oh] octubre -- October -- [ohk-TOO-breh] oficina -- office -- [oh-fee-SEE-nah] pagar -- pay -- [pah-GAHR] palacio -- palace -- [pah-LAH-see-yoh] papel -- paper -- [pah-PEHL] parque -- park -- [PAHR-keh] pasaporte -- passport -- [pah-sah-POHR-teh] pediatra -- pediatrician -- [peh-dee-AH-trah] pedicura -- pedicure -- [peh-dee-KOO-rah] permanente -- permanent -- [pehr-mah-NEHN-teh] permitido -- permitted -- [pehr-mee-TEE-doh] persona -- person -- [pehr-SOH-nah] píldora -- pill -- [PEEL-doh-rah] pipí -- pee (n) -- [pee-PEE] policia -- police -- [poh-lee-SEE-ah] portero -- porter -- [pohr-TEH-roh] problema -- problem -- [proh-BLEH-mah] recepción -- reception -- [reh-sehps-YOHN] refrigerador -- refrigerator -- [reh-free-kheh-rah-DOHR] reserva -- reservation -- [reh-SEHR-bah] restaurante -- restaurant -- [rehs-taw-RAHN-teh] ridículo -- ridiculous -- [rree-DEE-koo-loh] rio -- river -- [REE-oh] romántico -- romantic -- [roh-MAHN-tee-koh] ruines -- ruins -- [RWEE-nahs] sal -- salt -- [sahl] septiembre -- September -- [sehp-tee-YEHM-breh] serie -- series -- [SEH-ree-eh] serio -- serious -- [SEH-ree-oh] servicio -- service -- [sehr-BEE-see-yoh] sinagoga -- synagogue -- [see-nah-GOH-gah] sitios -- sites -- [SEE-tee-yohs] suéter -- sweater -- [‘sweater’] supermercado -- supermarket -- [soo-pehr-mehr-KAH-doh] té -- tea -- [teh] tenis -- tennis -- [‘tennis’] terrífico -- terrific -- [teh-REE-fee-koh] típica -- typical -- [TEE-pee-kah] tren -- train -- [‘train’] tres -- three -- [trehs] turismo -- tourism -- [too-REEZ-moh] uno -- one -- [OO-noh] vacaciones -- vacation -- [bah-kah-see-YOHN-ehs] valle -- valley -- [BAH-yeh] vegetariano -- vegetarian -- [beh-heh-tah-ree-AH-noh] viñedo -- vineyard -- [bee-NYEH-doh] volcán -- volcano -- [bohl-KAHN] zona -- zone -- [SOH-nah] zoológico -- zoo -- [soh-oh-LOH-khee-koh] ====== DIFFERENT SPELLING OF SPANISH COGNATES ON SIGNS On a trip to Spain or Latin America, you will be able to read signs in Spanish spelled somewhat differently than English: English -- Spanish -- [Say] BANK -- BANCO -- [BAHN-koh] BUSES -- AUTOBUSES -- [aw-toh-BOO-sehs] CALORIES -- CALORÍAS -- [kah-loh-REE-ahs PHARMACY -- FARMACIA -- [fahr-mah-SEE-ah] INFORMATION -- INFORMACIÓN -- [een-fohr-mah-SYOHN] POLICE -- POLICÍA -- [poh-lee-SEE-ah] PRINT -- IMPRIMIR -- [eem-pree-MEER] RESERVATIONS -- RESERVAS -- [reh-SEHR-vahs] ---------- Different Spelling of Spanish Phrases on Signs English -- Spanish ARTICLES TO DECLARE -- ARTÍCULOS QUE DECLARAR CAMPING PROHIBITED -- PROHIBIDO ACAMPAR ENTRANCE PROHIBITED -- ENTRADA PROHIBIDO MENU OF THE DAY -- MENÚ DEL DÍA PASSPORT CONTROL -- CONTROL DE PASAPORTES SERVICE INCLUDED -- SERVICIO INCLUIDO SERVICE NOT INCLUDED -- SERVICIO NO INCLUIDO USERNAME -- NOMBRE DE USUARIO =======
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